基因组测序技术在羊种质资源中的应用研究进展OA

In recent years,due to the rapid development of genomics,genomic sequencing technology has permeated from the basic research of germplasm resources to industrial practice,and has been widely applied in key fields such as animal breeding and genetic improvement,disease prevention and control,health management,important economic trait analysis,and basic biological research.China is one of the countries with the richest sheep breed resources in the world,with a total of 200 types of sheep and goat breeds by the end of 2024.However,the current protection and utilization of sheep germplasm resources in China still face problems such as an incomplete genetic resource protection system,a disconnect between breeding innovation capabilities and industrial demands,and constraints on value enhancement due to industrialization levels.This article reviews the current status of sheep germplasm resources in China and elaborates on the latest research progress of genomic technology in germplasm resource protection and innovation from four aspects:the construction of sheep reference genomes,the analysis of genetic diversity and population structure,the identification of key genes for important economic traits,and the evolutionary mechanisms of the genus Ovis.