不同基因型燕麦强弱势粒生理特性与产量关系研究OA
Study on the relationship between physiological characteristics of superior and inferior grains with yield in different oat genotypes
为了解燕麦强弱势粒生理特性对产量的影响,于2021-2022年在内蒙古自治区包头市土默特右旗内蒙古农业大学现代农业产业园开展大田试验.以 9 个燕麦品种为试验材料,测定燕麦灌浆期蔗糖代谢、淀粉含量和相关酶活性及成熟期籽粒产量.利用相关性分析和通径分析,阐明燕麦强弱势粒生理特性对籽粒产量形成的生理基础.结果表明,基于成熟期籽粒产量差异,"坝莜1号""坝莜9号""坝莜18号"和"草莜1号"为高产品种(2582.67～3341.29 kg hm-2),"华北 2 号""白燕 5 号""白燕 2 号""定莜 8 号"和"品 5 号"为低产品种(1894.05～2397.45 kg hm-2),且高产品种比低产品种籽粒产量显著高出 5.39%～76.41%.具体而言,高产品种强势粒蔗糖含量低于弱势粒,但其蔗糖合酶(SUS)活性高于弱势粒;强势粒的淀粉含量、可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)和腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶(AGPase)活性均高于弱势粒,说明强势粒对蔗糖的水解和向淀粉转化能力较强,碳同化物的利用效率较高.各品种籽粒产量与穗上部、中部和下部的淀粉含量、SUS、SSS和AGPase活性均呈极显著正相关,与蔗糖含量呈极显著负相关,与穗上部蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性呈显著负相关.通径分析表明,强势粒中SSS对籽粒产量的正向作用最大,而弱势粒中SUS对籽粒产量的正向作用最大.综上,提高强势粒的淀粉合成能力及弱势粒蔗糖代谢能力对提高燕麦产量有积极影响.
To investigate the physiological characteristics of superior and inferior oat grains and their impact on yield,field ex-periments were conducted in 2021 and 2022 at the Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park of Inner Mongolia Agricul-tural University,located in Tumd Right Banner,Baotou City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Nine oat varieties were used as experimental materials to determine the sucrose metabolism,starch content and related enzyme activities during the grain-filling period and the grain yield at maturity.Correlation and path analyses were performed to elucidate the relationships between physiological traits of superior and inferior grains and overall yield.The results showed that,based on grain yield at maturity,Bayou 1,Bayou 9,Bayou 18,and Caoyou 1 were classified as high-yielding varieties(2582.67–3341.29 kg hm–2),whereas Hua-bei 2,Baiyan 5,Baiyan 2,Dingyou 8,and Pin 5 were classified as low-yielding varieties(1894.05–2397.45 kg hm–2).Compared to the low-yielding varieties,the grain yield of the high-yielding varieties increased significantly by 5.39%to 76.41%.Notably,although the sucrose content in superior grains was lower than in inferior grains,sucrose synthase(SUS)activity was higher.Ad-ditionally,starch content,starch synthase(SSS),and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(AGPase)activities were all higher in supe-rior grains than in inferior ones,indicating a higher efficiency of sucrose cleavage and conversion into starch in superior grains.Grain yield showed positive correlations with starch content,SUS,SSS,and AGPase activities in the top,middle,and bottom portions of the panicle,and negative correlations with sucrose content.Moreover,yield was negatively correlated with sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)activity specifically in the top part of the panicle.Path analysis revealed that SSS activity in superior grains had the greatest positive effect on yield,while SUS activity in inferior grains also contributed significantly.In conclusion,enhancing starch synthesis capacity in superior grains and improving sucrose metabolism in inferior grains can effectively in-crease oat yield.
崔雪梅;柳妍娣;刘景辉;米俊珍;武俊英;赵宝平
内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019||内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019||通辽市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古 通辽 028000内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019||内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019||内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019||内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古 包头 014000内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019||内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
燕麦强弱势粒生理特性产量通径分析
oatsuperior and inferior grainsphysiological characteristicsyieldpath analysis
《作物学报》 2026 (4)
1220-1235,16
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(32360531,31960378),内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新项目(KC2024046B)和财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-07)资助.This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32360531,31960378),the Research and Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(KC2024046B),and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-07).
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