结肠癌外科手术百年嬗变与现代标准:基于循证医学规范化路径OA

Surgical treatment of colon cancer has evolved in parallel with the progress of modern surgery.From the early practices of staged resection,through the dissection of regional lymph nodes and considerable length of colon,to the introduction of complete mesocolic excision and histologic recognition of the visceral fascia,and onward to the current emphasis on organ-function preservation,history shows that the"standard"operation for colon cancer has differed in every era of surgical innovation.In recent years,regional lymph node dissection,surgical procedures,and even methods of specimen extraction have undergone significant evolution.Relying on a unified surgical technique as the standardized procedure for colon cancer is no longer sufficient to meet the demands of precision medicine.With the development of the study of colon cancer,the standardized procedures of different eras have gradually been distilled into the fundamental surgical standards for colon cancer,such as regional lymph node dissection,the 10-cm rule,and mesocolic excision,which require long-term adherence.