丁酸梭菌的生理功能及其在反刍动物生产中的应用OA

Clostridium butyricum is a Gram-positive,anaerobic,spore-forming bacterium widely distributed in environments such as soil and animal intestines.It possesses various physiological functions,including butyrate production,regulation of gut microbiota,enhancement of immunity,and maintenance of the intestinal barrier.As a natural microecological agent,Clostridium butyricum holds promising application prospects in ruminant production.Its accurate identification relies on a systematic approach combining 16S rRNA gene sequencing with physiological and biochemical characterization.The core probiotic mechanism of this bacterium lies in its production of butyrate,which directly supplies energy to intestinal epithelial cells,strengthens the expression of tight junction proteins to reinforce the physical barrier,and promotes protein secretion and regulatory T cell(Treg)differentiation through epigenetic pathways such as histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibition,thereby synergistically maintaining intestinal homeostasis and immune balance.These probiotic effects can significantly optimize rumen fermentation in ruminants,increase the production of total volatile fatty acids and fiber digestibility,and promote the proliferation of fiber-degrading bacteria.This review systematically summarizes the probiotic mechanisms of Clostridium butyricum and its applications in ruminant production,with a focus on analyzing its role in optimizing rumen fermentation,improving production performance,and maintaining intestinal health.The aim is to provide theoretical support for constructing a health-focused and efficient production regulation system centered on Clostridium butyricum,thereby contributing to the enhancement of quality,efficiency,and green development in the ruminant livestock industry.