实生和蔓生接穗对西瓜嫁接苗生长及产量的影响OA

To investigate the feasibility of using vine scions for watermelon grafting,seedless watermelon'Mitong'was grafted onto bottle gourd rootstock'Qianggen'.The effects of seedling and vine scions(lateral vines and main shoot tips)on the growth and yield of grafted watermelon seedlings were studied.The results showed that,under the same grafting method,grafting survival rates of watermelon seedlings grafted with lateral vines via both side grafting and hole insertion grafting were significantly lower compared to those grafted with seedling scions.The absolute growth rate of the heart leaf length decreased significantly,while the absolute growth rate of plant height increased significantly.Notably,the reduction in grafting survival rate was significantly less pronounced in side grafting with lateral vine scions compared to hole insertion grafting.The grafting efficiency,root length,root volume,root fresh weight,and root dry weight of grafted seedlings varied considerably depending on the grafting method and scion type.Specifically,grafting efficiency of side grafting with lateral vines showed no significant difference from that of side grafting with seedling scions,whereas grafting efficiency of hole insertion grafting with lateral vines was significantly lower than that with seed-grown scions.The vine length of seedlings grafted with lateral vines began to increase significantly from 14 days after transplanting.By 28 days after transplanting,seedlings grafted with lateral vines via the side grafting method exhibited the longest vine length(275.5 cm).When the splice grafting method was uniformly applied,compared with seed-grown scions,grafted seedlings using main shoot tip or lateral vine scions showed a significant increase in single fruit weight(4.02,3.81 kg)and benefit-cost ratio,along with a significantly more distal fruit-setting node.There were no significant differences were observed in fruit transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter,rind thickness,fruit shape index,or soluble solids content at the fruit center.However,soluble solids content in the pericarp differed significantly between seedlings grafted with lateral vine scions and those grafted with seed-grown scions.In conclusion,watermelon seedlings grafted with lateral vine scions using the splice grafting method is more advantageous.Grafted seedlings exhibited vigorous growth,significantly increased single fruit weight and yield,a more distal fruit-setting node,significantly higher soluble solids content at the pericarp,and a markedly improved benefit-cost ratio,indicating promising prospects for widespread adoption.