从新国际经济秩序到后国际经济秩序?:两次危机比较OACHSSCD

The existing international economic order has undergone two major crises.The first crisis originated from the New International Economic Order(NIEO)movement of the 1970s;while the United States' departure from the multilateral system,beginning during Trump's first presidential term in 2017,constituted the second crisis.These two crises differ fundamentally in their causes,primary challengers,demands,and manifestations,yet they exhibit similarities in terms of conflicting interests,assertions of economic sovereignty,and inherent flaws within the order itself.Although the NIEO movement succeeded in integrating development issues into the global governance agenda,it failed to alter the foundational structure or trajectory of the established order.In contrast,the post-2017 crisis is rooted in profound political,economic,and technological shifts,possessing the potential to trigger significant transformation of the international order.While a hegemonic power that has substantively withdrawn from international arrangements presents a profound challenge,the international economic order-which over the past eight decades has demonstrated considerable resilience by adapting to financial crises,technological revolutions,and geopolitical upheavals-is unlikely to collapse entirely in short term.Nevertheless,it is foreseeable that governance mechanisms will emerge and evolve at multiple levels,across various domains,and in diverse forms,ushering the international economic order into a more complex phase.