天然氢地面集输及处理工艺关键技术现状与展望OA

As a new type of hydrogen resource directly occurring underground,natural hydrogen is growing into an important way to promote the development of global clean energies owing to its potential low cost and low-carbon footprint.Surface gathering and treatment are important links in natural hydrogen reservoir development and utilization.The gas compositions of natural hydrogen reservoirs vary significantly in different geological settings,with hydrogen often coexisting with helium,nitrogen,methane,and a small amount of CO,CO2 and H2S,and even partially associated with high-salinity formation water,which is obviously different from conventional natural gas.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out adaptive modification and differentiated design on surface gathering and treatment systems.Focusing on the entire process of surface natural hydrogen gathering and treatment from wellhead to export,this paper mainly analyzes the development status of the key technologies such as feed gas pretreatment,hydrogen purification and impurity removal,hydrogen-helium separation,production normalization,and export,storage&transportation,and predicts the future technological challenges and development directions.The following results are obtained.First,regarding the unsteady-state behaviors of natural hydrogen production and the strong heterogeneity of gas quality,the surface gathering and treatment process needs differentiated configuration and multi-technology coupled engineering mode,for single separation or purification technology can hardly ensure economy and efficiency simultaneously.Second,single separation technology suffers the limitations caused by the similar physical properties of associated compositions of natural hydrogen,while the hierarchical combination and collaborative operation of multiple separation technologies can effectively balance separation depth,energy consumption and equipment scale,achieving high hydrogen recovery efficiency and high added-value helium utilization.Third,the overall performance of the surface engineering system of natural hydrogen is under the joint influence of product specification,separation depth and export method,so it is necessary to carry out integrated design of product positioning,treatment process and storage&transportation pathway simultaneously in the early stage of development,so as to reduce the repeated construction and improve the economic efficiency throughout the whole life cycle.In conclusion,the surface engineering system of natural hydrogen shall adhere to the core principles of staged development,multi-product collaboration and flexible technological configuration,and it is necessary to promote the formation of the gathering and treatment technology system suitable for the fluctuations of gas quality and compositions and the unsteady-state characteristics of production rates.The research results provide a reference for the large-scale development and utilization of natural hydrogen and the formulation of relevant standards.