甲状腺滤泡源性肿瘤超声诊断的难点及研究进展OA

The updated histopathological classification of thyroid tumors recognizes follicular cell-derived thyroid neoplasms(FDN)as consisting of benign,low-risk,and malignant subtypes.Malignant FDN,mainly follicular thyroid carcinoma and oncocytic carcinoma,are linked to significantly poorer clinical outcomes when compared with benign lesions.However,conventional ultrasound risk stratification systems and fine-needle aspiration biopsy still have limitations in accurately differentiating benign from malignant FDN.In recent years,the incorporation of advanced ultrasound modalities,such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography,has offered promising ways to enhance preoperative diagnostic accuracy.A burgeoning body of research has aimed to tackle this long-standing challenge in FDN classification.This review outlines current diagnostic limitations and emphasizes recent advancements in the application of ultrasound techniques for the assessment of FDN.