厌氧真菌纤维降解机制及应用研究进展OA
Advances in Mechanisms and Applications of Fiber Degradation by Anaerobic Fungi
厌氧真菌(Neocallimastigomycota)是草食动物消化道中重要的木质纤维素降解微生物,具有独特的生命周期、特殊的产氢细胞器(氢体)以及强大的纤维素和半纤维素水解能力.近年来,不断完善的分类体系及分子技术推动了厌氧真菌研究从形态学向基因组、代谢组和细胞结构层面深入,揭示了其在纤维降解中的多层级协同机制.此外,厌氧真菌在青贮饲料添加剂、饲喂微生物制剂及沼气等生物能源生产方面展现出显著应用潜力.因此,本文系统综述了厌氧真菌的分类、生命周期、特殊细胞器功能、木质纤维素降解机制及其应用前景,为开发高效生物质降解策略与反刍动物饲料利用提供理论基础.
Anaerobic fungi(Neocallimastigomycota)are important lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tracts of herbivores,characterized by a unique life cycle,specialized hydrogenosomes,and potent cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic capabilities.In recent years,advances in taxonomic systems and molecular techniques have propelled research on anaerobic fungi from morphological studies toward genomics,metabolomics,and cellular structural analyses,revealing their multi-level synergistic mechanisms in fiber degradation.Furthermore,anaerobic fungi have demonstrated significant potential in applications such as silage inoculants,feed microbial preparations,and bioenergy production,including biogas.This review systematically summarizes the taxonomy,life cycle,specialized organelle structures,lignocellulose degradation mechanisms,and application prospects of anaerobic fungi,providing a theoretical basis for the development of efficient biomass degradation strategies and the utilization of feed resources in ruminants.
李留学;成艳芬
南京农业大学 动物消化道营养国际联合研究中心,南京 210000南京农业大学 动物消化道营养国际联合研究中心,南京 210000
厌氧真菌纤维降解氢体纤维小体饲料添加剂生物燃料
anaerobic fungifiber degradationhydrogenosomescellulosomesfeed additivesbiofuels
《生物技术通报》 2026 (2)
41-50,10
国家自然科学基金项目(32372905)
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