喀斯特区浅层岩溶裂隙土壤水分调蓄功能OA
Soil water storage and regulation functions of shallow karst fissures in karst areas
[目的]明确喀斯特区浅层岩溶裂隙土壤水分变化特征,探究不同深度浅层岩溶裂隙土壤水分调蓄功能,为该地区水文调控及生态恢复提供科学依据.[方法]以喀斯特浅层岩溶裂隙土壤为研究对象,基于原位监测数据,系统分析土壤水分的垂直分布特征、降雨响应规律及储水能力,以揭示浅层岩溶裂隙土壤的水分调蓄机制.[结果](1)季节性降雨影响浅层岩溶裂隙土壤水分垂直分异,旱季条件下土壤水分稳定性随土层深度增加而增强;雨季条件下各土层水分变异系数(CV)表现为S层(19.1%)>U3层(14.6%)>U1层(9.3%)>U2层(8.9%),表明浅层土壤水分动态变化更为显著.(2)4种典型降雨条件下,小雨事件仅触发S层水分变化,中雨事件显著影响U3层,而大雨和暴雨则导致各土层均产生响应,且浅层(S,U1)的响应程度显著高于深层(U2,U3).(3)受土层厚度影响,平均储水量表现为U3 层(314.6 mm)>U2 层(220.3 mm)>U1 层(128.7 mm)>S层(54.8 mm),其中旱季深层土壤(U2,U3)储水量变化较浅层(S,U1)更为稳定.[结论]喀斯特浅层岩溶裂隙土壤水分调蓄功能受土壤水分垂直分异与对降雨响应的协同调控:旱季期间,深层土壤(U2,U3)通过稳定储水维持区域水文平衡;雨季期间,浅层土壤(S,U1)通过快速水分动态响应实现高效调蓄.不同土层的储水能力分异显著,其中U3层较高储水能力不仅对区域水资源供给具有关键支撑作用,同时也能够为喀斯特区植被恢复提供重要的水分保障.
[Objective]This study aims to determine the characteristics of soil moisture changes in shallow karst fissures in karst areas and to explore the soil moisture regulation and storage functions at different depths,providing a scientific basis for hydrological regulation and ecological restoration in these regions.[Methods]In this study,shallow karst fissure soils in the karst area were taken as the research object.Based on in-situ monitoring data,the vertical distribution characteristics of soil moisture,rainfall response patterns,and water storage capacity were systematically analyzed to reveal their water regulation and storage mechanisms.[Results](1)Seasonal rainfall affected the vertical differentiation of soil moisture in shallow karst fissures.Under dry season conditions,soil moisture stability increased with soil depth.Under rainy season conditions,the coefficients of variation(CV)of soil moisture in each layer followed the order of S layer(19.1%)>U3 layer(14.6%)>U1 layer(9.3%)>U2 layer(8.9%),indicating that moisture dynamics were more significant in the shallow layers.(2)Under four typical rainfall conditions,light rain triggered moisture change only in the S layer,moderate rain significantly affected the U3 layer,and heavy rain and rainstorms led to responses across all soil layers.Shallow layers(S,U1)exhibited much stronger responses than deeper layers(U2,U3).(3)Influenced by soil layer thickness,average water storage followed the order of U3 layer(314.6 mm)>U2 layer(220.3 mm)>U1 layer(128.7 mm)>S layer(54.8 mm).During the dry season,water storage in deep soil layers(U2,U3)was more stable than in shallow soil layers(S,U1).[Conclusion]The soil water regulation and storage functions of shallow karst fissure soils in karst areas are jointly regulated by soil moisture vertical differentiation and rainfall response.During the dry season,deep soil layers(U2,U3)maintain regional hydrological balance through stable water storage.During the rainy season,shallow soil layers(S,U1)achieve efficient water regulation and storage through rapid dynamic moisture response.Water storage capacity varies significantly across soil layers,with the U3 layer showing higher storage capacity.This layer not only plays a key role in regional water supply but also provides important moisture support for vegetation restoration in karst areas.
杨影;严友进;戴全厚
贵州大学 林学院,贵阳 550025||贵州大学 土壤侵蚀与生态修复研究中心,贵阳 550025贵州大学 土壤侵蚀与生态修复研究中心,贵阳 550025||南京林业大学 生态文明建设与林业发展研究所南方可持续林业协同创新中心,南京 210037贵州大学 土壤侵蚀与生态修复研究中心,贵阳 550025
农业科技
喀斯特浅层岩溶裂隙土壤水分调蓄
karstshallow karst fissure soilwater regulation and storage
《水土保持研究》 2026 (3)
247-256,265,11
国家自然科学基金"草海流域水文地质特征及面源污染响应机制"(42467045)国家自然科学基金"喀斯特碳酸盐与碎屑岩交互区坡面土壤侵蚀过程与机理"(42167044)
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