基于初至波能量的海底节点重定向方法OA

In ocean bottom node(OBN)seismic exploration,data inaccuracies primarily stem from va-rious factors such as multicomponent crosstalk,poor coupling,gain imbalance,inconsistent frequency response,and geophone orientation deviation.Among these,the orientation deviation of geophones is a critical factor affecting data quality.Influenced by seabed topography,ocean currents,and free-fall de-ployment,the actual orientation of three-component geophones often deviates from the designed layout.This misalignment leads to uneven energy distribution of seismic wavefields across the X,Y,and Z components,thereby degrading wavefield reception accuracy and imaging performance.To address this,the primary task in multicomponent seismic data processing is geophone reorientation.This involves es-timating the actual orientation angles either by using built-in inclinometers or by applying data-driven approaches,and then applying a rotation matrix to align the recorded data from the acquisition coordi-nate system to the designed coordinate system.This paper proposes a geophone orientation correction method based on the Leader Harris Hawks Optimization(LHHO)algorithm.By analyzing the energy distribution characteristics of first-arrival waves in three-component records,the method accurately esti-mates the geophone orientation.Furthermore,by integrating the projection of first-arrival polarization vectors in the XOZ plane with the correlation between the P and Z components,the method effectively constrains the multi-solution problem caused by coordinate axis reversal.Experimental results indicate that,in the absence of direct wave signals in shallow-water OBN environments,the proposed method demonstrates high computational efficiency and accuracy.