增施花铃肥对化学打顶棉花光合产物积累及产量的影响OA

[Objectives]The paper aimed to investigate the effects of increasing different flower and boll fertilizers on the accumulation of photosynthetic products and yield in chemically topped cotton.[Methods]Using'J206-5'as the experimental material,a single-factor randomized block design was employed.The conventional field flower and boll stage fertilizer(drip application of urea at 222 kg·hm-2+potassium sulfate at 58.5 kg·hm-2)served as the control(CK).Five treatments were established:H1(CK+foliar spray of 3 g·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate),H2(CK+drip application of urea at 150 kg·hm-2),H3(CK+drip application of urea at 150 kg·hm-2+foliar spray of 3 g·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate),H4(CK+drip application of potassium sulfate at 100 kg·hm-2),and H5(CK+drip application of potassium sulfate at 100 kg·hm-2+foliar spray of 3 g·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate).The study measured and analyzed the effects of increasing different flower and boll stage fertilizers on the specific leaf weight,functional leaf SPAD value,dry matter accumulation and distribution,boll spatial and temporal distribution,yield,and its components in chemically topped cotton.[Results]After increasing flower and boll fertilizers,the specific leaf weight of cotton generally exhibited a trend of initial decrease followed by an increase,while the SPAD values of functional leaf showed a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease.The specific leaf weight of the H3 treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK,and the SPAD values of the H2,H3,and H5 treatments remained at relatively high levels.Sixty days after increasing flower and boll fertilizers,the functional leaf SPAD values of the H2,H3,and H5 treatments increased by 10.1%,13.0%,and 11.5%,respectively,compared to the CK.The increasing flower and boll fertilizers significantly increased the dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs,the number of autumn bolls,the number of upper bolls,the number of bolls per plant,the boll weight,and the lint yield.Sixty days after increasing flower and boll fertilizers,the dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs for each treatment increased by 9.2%(H1),22.7%(H2),33.9%(H3),11.5%(H4),and 23.9%(H5),respectively,compared to the CK.Among these,the H3 treatment showed superior performance in terms of the number of autumn bolls,upper bolls,bolls per plant,and boll weight.After increasing flower and boll fertilizers,the lint yields of the H3 and H5 treatments were significantly higher than that of the CK,increasing by 37.6%and 30.9%,respectively.The H3 treatment achieved the highest economic benefit among all treatments,amounting to 11 004.72 yuan·hm-2.[Conclusions]It was recommended that in cotton fields with lower soil fertility in southern Xinjiang,the application of 150 kg·hm-2 of urea combined with foliar spraying of 3 g·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate during the flower and boll stage could achieve both yield increase and efficiency enhancement in chemically topped cotton.