气吸式大蒜播种机关键部件设计与试验OA
Design and Experiment of Key Components of Air-suction Garlic Seeder
针对目前大蒜播种依赖人工、效率低且容易出现漏播或重播的问题,设计了一款气吸式大蒜播种机,以提高大蒜播种的效率和准确性.该装置利用负压原理,通过气吸式排种器能够有效地将大蒜种子均匀播撒到土壤中,可以一次性完成开沟、吸种、排种、覆土和限深等作业.本文主要对气吸式大蒜播种机整体结构进行阐述,并对其关键部件(包括仿开沟装置、排种装置、覆土装置和限深等装置)进行结构设计与理论分析.以扰种凸轮转速、排种盘转速、气室负压为试验因素,以合格指数、重播指数、漏播指数为评价标准,进行三因素三水平正交试验.利用Design-Expert 13 软件构造数学回归方程和响应曲面模型,分析了各个参数对播种合格率指标的影响规律,并通过软件优化模块确定了排种器最佳工作组合参数为气室负压 10.5 kPa、排种盘转速 10 r/min、扰种凸轮转速 225 r/min.田间试验结果表明:该机播种合格指数为88.4%,重播指数为 2.9%,漏播指数为 8.7%,各项指标均满足GB/T 6973-2005《单粒(精密)播种机试验方法》与大蒜种植农艺要求,可为气吸式大蒜播种机的设计提供参考.
In view of the fact that the current garlic sowing method relied on manual labor,the efficiency was low and easy to miss or reseed,an air-suction garlic seeding machine was designed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of garlic see-ding.And the garlic seeds could be effectively evenly disseminated into the soil by using the principle of negative pressure through the air-suction seed-metering device,and the device could complete the functions of ditching,seed suction,seed rowing,soil covering and depth limiting at one time.In this paper,the overall structure of the air-suction garlic seeder was expounded,and the structural design and theoretical analysis of its key components,including imitation ditching de-vice,seed removal device,soil covering device and depth limiting device was carried out.The rotation speed of the dis-turbing cam,the rotation speed of the seed tray and the negative pressure of the air chamber were taken as the test factors,the sowing qualification index,reseeding index and missed seeding index were taken as the evaluation criteria,and the three-factor and three-level orthogonal tests were carried out.The mathematical regression equation and response surface model were constructed by Design-Expert 13 software,and the influence of each parameter on the sowing qualification rate index was analyzed.The optimal working combination parameters of the seed metering device were determined by using the software optimization module as follows:the negative pressure of the air chamber was 10.5 kPa,the rotation speed of the seed tray was 10 r/min,the rotation speed of the cam was 225 r/min.The field test showed that the sowing qualification index of the machine was 88.4%,the reseeding index was 2.9%,and the missed seeding index was 8.7%,referring to the national standard for sowing GB/T 6973-2005 Test Method for Single Seed(Precision)Seeder,which met the relevant national standards and agronomic requirements for garlic planting,and could provide reference for the design of air-suction garlic seeder.
李明阳;李骅;齐新丹;孟煜柏;张绪
南京工业大学 机械与动力工程学院,南京 211816||江苏省智能化农业装备重点实验室,南京 210031江苏省智能化农业装备重点实验室,南京 210031||南京农业大学 工学院,南京 210031南京工业大学 机械与动力工程学院,南京 211816南京工业大学 机械与动力工程学院,南京 211816||江苏省智能化农业装备重点实验室,南京 210031南京工业大学 机械与动力工程学院,南京 211816||江苏省智能化农业装备重点实验室,南京 210031
农业科技
大蒜气吸式排种器正交试验
garlicair-suction seed metering deviceorthogonal experiment
《农机化研究》 2026 (8)
65-73,9
江苏省现代农业装备与技术示范推广项目(NJ2022-09)
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