水稻覆膜插秧机在寒地区域应用效果与增产机制研究OA

Aimed to address the issues of low temperature constraints,water resource waste,and high weeding costs in cold-region rice cultivation.A field experiment on mechanical film-mulched transplanting technology was conducted,to explore its effects on rice growth,yield,and eco-economic benefits.The Yanmar VP-6 film-mulching transplanter was used,with a film-mulching group(MT)and a conventional transplanting control group(CT)set up.The actual effect of cold-region film-mulching cultivation was verified by measuring agronomic traits,soil temperature,weed inhibition rate,water and fertilizer utilization,and economic benefits,combined with key technical optimization of the equipment.The results showed that compared with the CT group,the MT group entered the tillering stage 4 d earlier,with effective panicle number increased by 20.56%,plant height and 1000-grain weight increased by 3.66%and 5.78%respective-ly,and the yield reached 8,120 kg/hm2,an increase of 11.54%.The average soil temperature at 5 cm depth through-out the cycle increased by 0.8℃,and the temperature increase during the tillering stage significantly promoted root ac-tivity and nutrient absorption,suggesting that the optimal soil temperature for panicle formation was 23-24℃.In terms of ecology,the weed control rate exceeded 95%,irrigation water utilization rate increased by 35%,and soil available nitro-gen,phosphorus,and potassium increased by 30%-50%,20%-30%,and 10%-20%respectively.Economically,the net profit of the MT group was 12,584 CNY/hm2,an increase of 3,444 CNY compared with the CT group,with a return on investment(ROI)of 93.91%,showing strong resistance to market price fluctuations.This study can provide technical support for green and efficient rice production in black soil regions.