超声弹性成像、系统免疫炎症指数联合前列腺特异性抗原相关参数在前列腺癌早期诊断中的可行性和应用价值分析OA

Objective To investigate the application value of ultrasound elastography,systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)-related parameters in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 150 patients who underwent prostate biopsy from May 2021 to December 2024.Using computer randomization,112 patients were selected in a 3∶1 ratio as the training set(47 cases of prostate cancer and 65 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia),and the remaining 38 patients were selected as the validation set(18 cases of prostate cancer and 20 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia).In the training set,the differences in various clinical indicators between prostate cancer patients and those with benign prostatic hyperplasia were compared.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to predict the independent risk factors for prostate cancer,and a nomogram model was constructed based on the above indicators.The accuracy of this model in diagnosing prostate cancer compared with other indicators was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and its application value was evaluated using decision curve analysis(DCA).Results In the training set,there were significant differences in total PSA,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),SII,prostate volume,ultrasound elastography score(UES),and PSA density(PSAD)between patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and those with prostate cancer(P<0.05).UES,PSAD,and SII were independent risk factors for predicting prostate cancer(P<0.05).A nomogram model was further established to diagnose prostate cancer,with an area under the curve of 0.940,which was higher than UES(0.846),PSAD(0.826),and SII(0.657).Similar results were obtained in the validation set.The DCA results indicated that the clinical net benefit of the prediction model was good.Conclusion UES,PSAD and SII can be used for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.The nomogram model constructed based on these three indicators has higher early diagnostic value than individual indicators.This nomogram model can provide individualized risk prediction for prostate cancer in an intuitive and concise manner.