海草床生态系统环境DNA研究进展OA

Seagrass beds are typical high-productivity marine ecosystems that perform core ecological func-tions such as maintaining biodiversity,purifying the aquatic environment,and fixing and storing carbon.Their ecological status is of significance to the structural stability and functional exertion of marine ecosystems.As a non-invasive biological monitoring technique,environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has broken through the technical limitations of conventional seagrass bed monitoring methods,providing a novel technical ap-proach for the precise research and comprehensive assessment of seagrass bed ecosystems.This paper sys-tematically collates the fundamental theories and methodological frameworks of eDNA technology in seagrass bed ecosystems,including the biological characteristics of eDNA from seagrasses and their symbiotic organ-isms,sample collection and pretreatment,extraction and detection technologies,as well as data analysis and validation methods.It comprehensively elaborates on the research progress of this technology in core fields such as species diversity monitoring,ecological health and stress response assessment,biomass and distribu-tion dynamic monitoring,and invasive species and ecological disturbance monitoring,and summarizes its ap-plication achievements in cutting-edge directions including the assessment of seagrass bed carbon sequestra-tion potential and the analysis of sedimentary eDNA historical evolution.Furthermore,this paper deeply ana-lyzes the key challenges currently faced by eDNA research in seagrass bed ecosystems,such as habitat matrix interference,lack of methodological standards,and inadequacy of native reference sequence databases,and proposes targeted solutions including technical optimization,process standardization,and database construc-tion.Finally,it prospects the application potential of the integration of eDNA technology with remote sens-ing,Artificial Intelligence(AI)and other technologies in the fields of seagrass bed ecological protection and restoration,monitoring network construction,and interdisciplinary research,aiming to provide theoretical ref-erences and technical support for the scientific protection,sustainable management and further in-depth re-search of seagrass bed ecosystems.