中医药调控PI3K/AKT信号通路治疗糖尿病脑病的研究进展OA

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway is a classical pathway of cellular metab-olism.It participates in the occurrence and development of diabetic encephalopathy(DE)by regulating inflammation,oxidative stress,apoptosis,synaptic plasticity,amyloid β-protein(Aβ)deposition,and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation.Monomer of Chinese tradi-tional herbs and active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)(such as polysaccharides and glycosides)and TCM for-mulas(such as Qiwei Baizhu San and Buyang Huanwu Decoction)can alleviate neuroinflammation,counteract oxidative stress,and in-hibit apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway,thereby effectively improving cognitive impairment in DE.However,related research still has limitations:mechanistically,studies mainly focus on the activity of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,and the regulatory mecha-nisms of TCM have not been fully clarified;much research remains at the cellular and animal experimental stages,with a lack of clinical safety and efficacy verification;interventions are primarily based on monomer of Chinese traditional herbs and compound formula,with fewer studies on TCM patent medicines and external therapies targeting this pathway.Due to the complexity of TCM components and the diversity of their targets,future studies should further explore the specific mechanisms by which TCM regulates the PI3K/Akt pathway,providing evidence-based guidance for the prevention and treatment of diabetic encephalopathy with TCM.