有机肥等氮替代化肥对设施辣椒土壤有效态养分及果实的影响OA
Effects of Organic Substitution with Equivalent Nitrogen Content on Soil Available Nutrients and Fruit Quality of Facility-grown Peppers
为探索适宜靖远地区设施辣椒生产有效的施肥策略,提高化肥利用率,实现农民增收及农业节本增效,设置常规施肥(N 414.00 kg/hm2、P2O5 284.40 kg/hm2、K2O 393.75 kg/hm2)、优化施肥(N 379.50 kg/hm2、P2O5 300.60 kg/hm2、K2O 210.00 kg/hm2)以及不同用量有机肥替代化肥等7个处理,探究其对设施辣椒土壤有效养分及果实品质、产量和经济效益的影响.结果表明,有机肥等氮替代优化施肥15%氮量处理土壤有效锰、有效铁、有效铜含量均最高,分别为14.63、15.07、1.64 mg/kg,较对照不施肥处理分别增加17.04%、48.91%、25.19%;有机肥等氮替代优化施肥30%氮量处理土壤有效锌含量最高,为4.15 mg/kg,较对照不施肥处理增加131.84%;各处理有效硼含量与试验前相比均呈下降趋势.各施肥处理辣椒蛋白质、维生素C含量较对照不施肥处理均有所下降,其中有机肥替代30%优化施肥处理蛋白质含量(15.2 mg/kg)、维生素C含量(71.67 μg/kg)均较高,分别较对照不施肥处理降低6.17%、4.82%;总糖含量以有机肥等氮替代优化施肥30%氮量处理最高,为10.3 mg/kg,较对照不施肥处理增加了11.96%.辣椒产量和经济效益均以有机肥替代30%优化施肥处理最高,产量为57 411.31 kg/hm2,较对照不施肥处理增产28.57%;纯收入为147 273.01元/hm2,产投比为3.26.通过对产量稳定性、土壤改良潜力及经济效益的综合评估,有机肥替代30%优化施肥是当前靖远地区设施辣椒生产的推荐施肥方式.
To explore an effective fertilization strategy for facility pepper production in Jingyuan,improve fertilizer-use effi-ciency,increase farmers'income,and promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement in agriculture,7 treatment were established,including conventional fertilization(N 414.00 kg/ha,P2O5 284.40 kg/ha,K2O 393.75 kg/ha),optimized fertilization(N 379.50 kg/ha,P2O5 300.60 kg/ha,K2O 210.00 kg/ha),and different rates of organic fertilizer substitution for nitrogen fertilizer,and the effects on soil available nutrients,fruit quality,yield,and economic benefit of facility peppers were investigated.Result showed that the treatment with organic fertilizer substituting 15%of nitrogen under optimized fertilization resulted in the highest soil available manganese,iron,and copper contents,reaching 14.63,15.07,and 1.64 mg/kg,respectively,which were 17.04%,48.91%,and 25.19%higher than those in the unfertilized control.The treatment with organic fertilizer substituting 30%of nitrogen under optimized fertilization resulted in the highest soil available zinc content at 4.15 mg/kg,representing an increase of 131.84%compared with that in the unfertilized con-trol.The available boron content under all treatments showed a decreasing trend compared with the level before the experiment.Com-pared with the unfertilized control,the protein content and vitamin C content of pepper fruit decreased under all fertilization treatment.Among them,the treatment with organic fertilizer substituting 30%of nitrogen under optimized fertilization showed relatively higher protein content(15.2 mg/kg)and vitamin C content(71.67 μg/kg),decreasing by 6.17%and 4.82%compared with those in the unfertil-ized control,respectively.The highest total sugar content was also observed in the treatment with organic fertilizer substituting 30%of nitrogen under optimized fertilization(10.3 mg/kg),which increased by 11.96%compared with that in the unfertilized control.Pepper yield and economic benefit were highest under the treatment with organic fertilizer substituting 30%of nitrogen under optimized fertil-ization,with a yield of 57 411.31 kg/ha,representing a 28.57%increase compared with the unfertilized control.The net income reached 147 273.01 Yuan/ha,with an input-output ratio of 3.26.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of yield stability,soil im-provement potential,and economic benefit,the substitution of 30%nitrogen with organic fertilizer under optimized fertilization is rec-ommended as the most suitable fertilization strategy for facility pepper production in the Jingyuan area.
丁守彦;王进明;漆永红
靖远县农业技术推广中心,甘肃 靖远 730699靖远县农业技术推广中心,甘肃 靖远 730699甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070
农业科技
有机肥等氮替代辣椒土壤有效态养分果实品质产量
Organic fertilizerSubstitution with equivalent nitrogen lontentPepperSoil available nutrientFruit qualityYield
《寒旱农业科学》 2026 (3)
270-275,6
甘肃省农业农村厅2024年绿色种养循环农业试点项目(甘农财发[2024]1号).
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