功率波动下电制氢系统的可靠性问题与故障诊断关键技术OA

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy such as wind and solar,hydrogen production by water electrolysis has become an important approach to accommodate renewable energy.However,both alkaline and proton exchange membrane electrolysis systems operating under power fluctuation conditions face reliability challenges such as catalyst activity decay,membrane damage,thermal management failure,and gas crossover.This paper reviews relevant research progress.First,it summarizes typical failure mechanisms of various components in power-to-hydrogen systems under power fluctuations.Second,it categorizes fault diagnosis methods into four categories—rule-based,model-based,data-driven,and hybrid methods—and compares their differences in various aspects.Next,key supporting technologies for large-scale renewable-powered hydrogen production are discussed,including mechanistic modeling,state identification algorithms,and intelligent hardware optimization.Finally,future research directions toward enhanced reliability and fault diagnosis of power-to-hydrogen systems are prospected.