面向核能应用的增材制造换热器表面处理技术研究与展望OA

Nuclear-grade heat exchangers based on additive manufacturing technology can significantly enhance heat ex-change efficiency while reducing the volume and weight by microchannel design and structural optimization,providing cru-cial technical support for the compact design and performance improvement of pool-type reactors.However,the complex in-ternal cavity surfaces present critical challenges for engineering applications,including surface roughness defects(initial Ra 10-15μm)caused by the Selective Laser Melting(SLM)process and difficulties in polishing high-aspect-ratio flow channels.Focusing on the design requirements of nuclear-grade heat exchangers for pool-type reactors,the difficulties and specifica-tions for treating high-aspect-ratio microchannel heat exchange surfaces are analyzed.A systematic review was conducted on the research progress in polishing techniques for complex internal structures,including mechanical polishing,abrasive flow polishing,laser polishing,magnetic abrasive flow polishing,and electrochemical polishing.The suitability of different processes is compared and analyzed based on core performance indicators such as surface roughness,contamination control,material integrity,and geometric adaptability.An abrasive flow-electrochemical composite polishing process is recom-mended,which can effectively balances polishing efficiency with structural integrity.However,key issues still need to be ad-dressed,such as the optimization of heat exchanger structural design compatibility,the development of refined process speci-fications,the prevention of cross-contamination and assurance of cleanliness in media,and non-destructive testing technol-ogy for complex internal cavities.This study provides an important reference for the selection and optimization of surface treatment technologies for nuclear-grade heat exchangers.