降脂治疗40年的探索与实践OA

Dyslipidemia,characterized particularly by elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,is the direct cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).While lipid-lowering therapy is the most important treatment strategy for both primary and secondary prevention of ASCVD.The present paper explores the discovery,clinical translation,and evidentiary evolution surrounding lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies over the past four decades,including statins,ezetimibe,bempedoic acid,and PCSK9 inhibitors,delineating their efficacy and safety in attenuating both lipid parameters and adverse cardiovascular events.We further chart a brief look into emerging therapeutic horizon of novel molecular targets that govern lipid metabolism,including RNA-based apolipoprotein C-Ⅲ inhibitors and angiopoietin-like protein 3 inhibitors.