从ChatGPT4.0到DeepSeek-R1:人工智能在医疗卫生领域应用的革新场景和伦理治理范式转变OA

The iterative evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)technology is reshaping the global healthcare system.From the foundational large model of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT)4.0 to the in-depth adaptation of DeepSeek-R1,AI technology is triggering paradigm shifts across four core domains,including pharmaceutical research and development,personalized diagnosis and treatment,primary healthcare,and the secure application of medical data.Nevertheless,while AI technology becomes deeply embedded in the field of medical and health care,it has also brought about ethical risk changes,such as"exacerbated risks of model hallucination"in pharmaceutical research and development,"weakened autonomous judgment capabilities"in personalized diagnosis and treatment,"prominent human-machine collaboration conflicts"in primary healthcare,and"deepened infringement upon sensitive information"in health management.In view of this,this paper focused on four dimensions of current ethical risk changes in the field of medical and health care and proposed corresponding risk governance strategies.This is of crucial significance for constructing a novel human-machine collaborative medical ethics paradigm and refining the global digital medical governance system.