家庭代际支持模式对老年人养老方式选择的影响研究:基于CLASS 2020数据的实证分析OA

Objective This study aims to examine family intergenerational support patterns by considering both their dimensions and directions,and to explore how these patterns relate to the seniors'care preferences,with a view to promoting the allocation of elderly care resources and the development of family support policies.Methods Data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS)2020 were used,including 7 840 samples.Latent Class Analysis(LCA)was employed to identify and classify family intergenerational support patterns.A multinomial logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the association between intergenerational support patterns and care preferences.Results The dominant family intergenerational support pattern in China was the"support type"(60.78%),followed by the"tight-knit type"(23.19%),while the"detached type"was least common(16.03%).Univariate analysis showed that intergenerational support patterns were significantly associated with care preferences(χ²=84.51,P＜0.001).Multinomial logistic regression results indicated that the"support type"was positively correlated with the preference for home-based care.The"tight-knit type"was positively associated with both community-based care(OR=2.073,P＜0.001)and institutional care(OR=1.489,P=0.002).The"detached type"had a positive but not statistically significant correlation with institutional care(OR=1.045,P=0.823).Heterogeneity analysis revealed distinct patterns between urban and rural seniors,with males and the young-old participants showing stronger associations between the"tight-knit type"and care preferences compared to females and the oldest-old.Conclusions Intergenerational support patterns are correlated with the seniors'care preferences.Insights from these patterns can further optimize the"support type"family model,imporve elderly care service supply strategies,and better meet the diverse needs of the aging population.