论"整体健康"的经济学理论和实践OA

The concept of"Whole Health"originates from the definition of health articulated in the Constitution of the World Health Organization in 1948.Currently,the Whole Health framework encompasses five key dimensions:physical health,behavioral health,socioeconomic conditions,mental and spiritual health,and environmental health.Internationally,this concept has been applied across diverse areas,including vaccination programs,green prescription models,climate policy evaluation,digitalization and social interaction,and the assessment of community-based health care organizations.In future health economic evaluations,broader concepts of costs and outcomes need to be established,alongside the active adoption and integration of multiple analytical methods.Key approaches include cost-benefit analysis(CBA),extended incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(E-ICERs),wellbeing adjusted life years(WELLBY),and distributional cost-effectiveness analysis(DCEA).Greater emphasis should be placed on indicators that evaluate social value.Ultimately,comparative analyses are needed to assess the impact of different policies on the maximization of health outcomes,from the perspectives of the healthcare system,other public sectors,and society as a whole.