大豆高产优质及耐密新品种(系)鉴选与分子标记检测OA
Identification and Molecular Marker Detection of New Soybean Varieties(Lines)with High Yield,Elite Quality and Density-tolerance
为鉴选高产优质及耐密大豆新品种并明确其分子遗传基础,以34份河北省新审定及正在参加省区域试验的大豆种质为试验材料,在2个生态区、2种密度条件下分别鉴定其产量、品质及相关性状;同时,结合产量和品质性状分子标记进行检测,明确新品种(系)高产优质性状的遗传变异及其遗传基础.结果表明,供试34个品种(系)的产量、品质及相关性状存在丰富遗传变异,其中产量在2种密度下的变异系数分别为11.2%和8.3%,9个产量相关性状的变异系数分别为8.8%～36.6%和10.0%～39.5%,籽粒形状大小的变异系数分别为2.7%～9.1%和2.8%～9.5%;同时发现,籽粒蛋白质含量的变异系数分别为5.19%和5.20%,脂肪含量变异系数分别为6.07%和4.76%,18种氨基酸含量的变异系数为3.27%～6.52%和2.68%～6.34%.在34份大豆品种(系)中,农大豆6号、冀豆17、邯豆19和沧豆17等9个新品种(系)在2种密度条件下的产量均超出对照10%以上,为高产、稳产、优质类型;有10个新品种(系)在高密条件下的产量较正常密度提高10%以上,为耐密类型.另外,大豆产量相关性状、籽粒品质性状间呈显著或极显著相关,且高密处理会影响个别性状间的相关性.进一步对产量和品质性状关联分子标记进行分析发现,各材料所含的优势等位变异存在较大差异,说明其高产和优质性状形成的分子机理不同.以上研究结果为培育超高产、特优质大豆新品种提供了亲本资源及选择依据.
To identify new soybean varieties with high yield and quality,and also to dissect their molecular genetic basis,34 soybean germplasms newly approved in Hebei province and currently participated in provincial regional trials were used as experimental materials.And the yield,quality and related traits were evaluated under 2 representative ecological regions in Hebei province with 2 density conditions.Meanwhile,combining with the detection of molecular markers associated with yield and seed quality traits,the genetic variations and genetic basis of yield and quality traits of the new soybeans were dissected.The results showed that there were abundant genetic variations on yield,quality and related traits among the 34 soybean varieties(lines).The coefficients of variation(CV)of yield were 11.2%and 8.3%under 2 densities,respectively,while the CV of 9 yield-related traits were from 8.8%to 36.6%and from 10.0%to 39.5%,and also,the CV of seed related-shape traits ranged from 2.7%to 9.1%and from 2.8%to 9.5%,respectively.Meanwhile,the CV of seed protein content were 5.19%and 5.20%under 2 densities,while the CV of seed oil content were 6.07%and 4.76%,respectively.The CV of 18 kinds of seed amino acids content ranged from 3.27%to 6.52%and 2.68%to 6.34%,respectively.Among 34 soybean varieties(lines),the yield of 9 soybeans,including Nongdadou 6,Jidou 17,Handou 19 and Cangdou 17,etc.,exceeded simultaneously more than 10%under 2 density conditions compared with that of control variety,which attributed to the high-yield,stable-yield and elite-quality varieties.And also,the yields of 10 soybean varieties(lines)under the high density increased by more than 10%compared with that under normal density,which attributed to the tolerance-to-high-density varieties.In addition,there were significant or extremely significant correlations among the yield-related traits or seed quality traits,and a few correlations were influenced by the high density treatment.Further analysis on the molecular markers associated with yield and quality traits showed that the varieties(lines)contained different elite genetic loci of yield and quality traits,indicating the different molecular mechanisms of related traits in these varieties.Above results provided basis for the selection of parents for further breeding of super-high-yield and special-quality new varieties in soybean.
秦益民;邵振启;李文龙;杨占武;柯会锋;张彩英;李喜焕
河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北 保定 071001河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北 保定 071001河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北 保定 071001河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北 保定 071001河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北 保定 071001河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北 保定 071001河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北 保定 071001
农业科技
大豆产量性状品质性状多点鉴定分子标记
soybeanyield related traitsquality traitsmulti-location identificationmolecular markers
《中国农业科技导报》 2026 (3)
39-52,14
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2301500).
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