磷石膏无害化处理研究进展OA

Phosphogypsum,a major by-product of wet-process phosphoric acid production,is primarily composed of CaSO4·2H2O but con-tains impurities such as phosphorus,fluorine,heavy metals,and organic matter,which limit its direct utilization.Long-term stockpiling poses serious environmental risks.This review systematically summarizes the occurrence characteristics of impurities in phosphogypsum,with a focus on the distribution patterns of soluble phosphorus,lattice phosphorus,fluorine,and organic matter,and their impact mechanisms on the hydra-tion properties of materials.Furthermore,it reviews current primary harmless treatment technologies,including physical methods(screening,washing,grinding,flotation),thermal treatments(flash calcination,calcination),and chemical methods(calcium-based stabilization,sol-vent washing,re-crystallization,etc.).Studies indicate that impurity enrichment in coarse particles significantly deteriorates material per-formance,while classification treatment and structural modification can effectively enhance its application characteristics.The combined appli-cation of multiple technologies(e.g.,neutralization-ball milling,flotation-acid leaching,re-crystallization and extraction)can further im-prove impurity removal efficiency and product performance.Among these,the re-crystallization and extraction method using high-concentra-tion sulfuric acid combined with tributyl phosphate demonstrates significant advantages.It can efficiently remove various impurities such as phos-phorus,fluorine,silicon,and iron under relatively mild conditions,simultaneously improving whiteness and material strength,providing a fea-sible path for the high-value resource utilization of phosphogypsum.Future efforts should focus on developing economically efficient integrated processes and promoting large-scale applications to advance the reduction,harmless treatment,and resource utilization of phosphogypsum,supporting green and sustainable industrial development.