"十五五"时期我国耕地保护的目标、路径及制度保障OACHSSCD

Cultivated land serves as the cornerstone of national food security and the foundation for advancing Chinese-style modernization.Against the backdrop of profound shifts in the global landscape,the accelerated advancement of Chinese modernization,and the implementation of an all-encompassing approach to food,farmland protection has been entrusted with a new strategic significance in balancing development and security.During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,China's cultivated land protection policy framework has been steadily improved,and the implemented measures have achieved remarkable results.However,under the dual pressures of continuous socio-economic development and tightening resource and environmental constraints,six major challenges remain:reduction in quantity,imbalance in quality,ecological stress,spatial mismatch,tenure dilemmas,and governance difficulties.To address these issues,this study constructs a strategic framework for cultivated land protection during the 15th Five-Year Plan period,guided by the principles of balancing rigidity and flexibility,integrating emergency response with long-term governance,and ensuring coordinated advancement.The principle of balancing rigidity and flexibility emphasizes exploring pathways for flexible regulation and differentiated governance while upholding the rigid constraints of the 1.8 billion mu red line and the permanent basic farmland system.The principle of integrating emergency response with long-term governance focuses on establishing a convertible mechanism to safeguard cultivated land productivity between routine stable production and supply assurance and responses to extreme risks.The principle of ensuring coordinated advancement highlights multidimensional synergistic advancement in cultivated land protection and governance,strengthening regional coordination and stakeholder collaboration.Within this framework,six implementation pathways are systematically proposed:quantity assurance,quality enhancement,ecological restoration,spatial optimization,rights-based incentives,and governance innovation,forming a holistic solution spanning goal setting,pathway design,and institutional support.Looking ahead,efforts should focus on three institutional dimensions:strengthening legal safeguards,enforcing rigorous assessment and supervision,and deepening multi-actor co-governance.These measures will help establish a long-term institutional safeguard mechanism and promote the transformation of cultivated land protection from element-based control to systematic governance,thereby providing strategic guidance for the synergistic advancement of food security and Chinese-style modernization.