纤维素基复合材料在油水分离中的应用研究进展OA

Oil spill accidents occured frequently in crude oil mining and transportation,and the pollution problem caused by oily wastewater produced by emulsification industry and life was prominent,which seriously threatened ecological environment and human safety.As a natural polysaccharide with the highest abundance in nature,cellulose had become a core carrier of oil-water separation materials due to its renewable raw materials,abundant surface functional groups such as surface hydroxyl groups,and long macromolecular chains to ensure mechanical strength.This paper reviewed the preparation techniques of cellulose-based composites,including the preparation characteristics of cellulose-based membranes,cellulose-based aerogels and cellulose-based carbon aerogels.The application characteristics of composites materials with inorganic nanoparticles,polymers,metal meshes and carbon materials,as well as the separation mechanisms and applicable system of five types of wettable materials,namely superhydrophobic-superoleophilic,superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic,Janus-wettability,switchable-wettability,and fully hydrophilic adsorption types,were systematically introduced.At the same time,the challenges of insufficient mechanical strength,high carbonization energy consumption,and easy agglomeration of nanoparticles were sorted out.And it was pointed out that in the future efforts should focus on conducting in the directions of intelligence,waste recycling and large-scale production,so as to promote the practical application of cellulose-based oil-water separation materials.