人头皮蠕形螨阳性的雄秃患者临床特征及影响因素分析OA

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of androgenetic alopecia(AGA)patients with positive Demo-dex mites on the scalp and analyze factors associated with aggravated hair loss,providing evidence for the treatment of AGA patients with positive Demodex mites.Methods Clinical data were collected from 308 AGA patients with positive Demodex mites on the scalp who visited the Department of Dermatology at the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chi-nese People's Liberation Army from June 2014 to July 2024.Statistical analysis included gender,age,duration of hair loss,treatment duration,scalp inflammatory lesions,scaling and pruritus symptoms,Demodex mite density,and hair loss sever-ity.Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used to compare clinical characteristics between male and female pa-tients.Kruskal-Wallis H test was employed to compare efficacy indices among patients with different anti-Demodex treat-ment courses.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing hair loss severity in male and female patients.Results Among the 308 patients,females accounted for a larger proportion(54.5%).The median age of males was 26.0(22.0,31.0)years,significantly lower than that of females at 29.0(23.0,37.8)years(Z=-3.362,P=0.001).The proportion of females with scalp pruritus was significantly higher than that of males(χ2=4.559,P=0.033).Significant differences were observed in efficacy indices among patients with different anti-Demodex treatment courses(H=33.898,P<0.001),showing that longer treatment courses were associated with higher efficacy indices.Using hair loss se-verity as the dependent variable,the effects of pre-therapy Demodex mite density,age,duration of hair loss,scalp pruritus,scaling,and inflammatory lesions on hair loss severity were analyzed.Results showed that in both males and females,com-pared to patients with mild hair loss,those with moderate and severe hair loss were older,had longer disease duration,and were more likely to be accompanied by scalp inflammatory lesions and pruritus(except for females with moderate hair loss;P<0.05).Conclusion Demodex mites may contribute to disease aggravation in patients with AGA by inducing scalp in-flammatory reactions and pruritus symptoms.