经鼻脑给药途径治疗在中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病中的研究进展OA
Research Progress on Nose-to-Brain Delivery for Treating Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases
中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病是一类需长期干预的慢性自身免疫性疾病.传统的全身给药方式因受血脑屏障限制,存在药物中枢递送效率低、系统暴露量高、个体药代动力学变异大等问题,影响治疗精准性与患者依从性.经鼻脑给药途径(Nose-to-Brain,N2B)通过嗅觉与三叉神经通路绕过血脑屏障,实现药物直达中枢,具有非侵入、靶向性强、全身副作用少等优势.本研究系统性综述了该途径的双通路递送机制,及其在减少神经炎症、促进髓鞘再生与神经保护递送策略等方面的最新研究进展,并分析了目前存在的临床转化挑战.
Central nervous system demyelinating diseases,represent a group of chronic autoimmune conditions requiring long-term intervention.Traditional systemic administration methods face limitations due to the blood-brain barrier,resulting in issues such as low central nervous system delivery efficiency,high systemic exposure,and significant interindividual pharmacokinetic variability.These factors compromise treatment precision and patient compliance.The Nose-to-Brain(N2B)route bypasses the blood-brain barrier via the olfactory and trigeminal pathways,enabling direct central drug delivery with advantages including non-mvasiveness,high targeting specificity,and minimal systemic side effects.This study systematically reviews the dual-pathway delivery mechanism of this route,along with recent advances in reducing neuroinflammation,promoting myelin regeneration,and neuroprotective delivery strategies.It also analyzes current challenges in clinical translation.
毛嘉玲;王满侠
兰州大学第二医院神经内科 兰州 730000兰州大学第二医院神经内科 兰州 730000
医药卫生
鼻脑给药中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病血脑屏障治疗
Nose-to-Brain deliverycentral nervous system demyelinating diseasesblood-brain barriertreatment
《神经损伤与功能重建》 2026 (3)
162-167,6
甘肃省神经病学疾病精准诊疗国际合作基地(甘科外[2017]2-33号)甘肃省级重点人才项目甘组通字[2022]77号-6甘肃省自然科学基金(基于多组学联合探讨肠道菌群介导NMOSD发病机制研究,No.24JRRA352)甘肃省自然科学基金(莫诺苷调控小胶质细胞内质网应激保护实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎的作用机制研究,No.25JRRA615)
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