牛磺酸通过维持线粒体功能稳态缓解呕吐毒素对断奶仔猪回肠的损伤作用OA

This study aimed to investigate the alleviating effects of taurine(TAU)on deoxynivalenol(DON)-induced ileal injury in weaned piglets and to elucidate its potential underlying mechanisms.A total of 18 healthy weaned piglets at 21 days of age with similar body weight were randomly assigned into three groups as BD group(fed basal diet),DON group(fed 3 mg/kg DON-contaminated diet),and DON+TAU group(fed 3 mg/kg DON-contaminated diet+3 000 mg/kg TAU)with 6 replicates in each group and 1 pig in each repli-cate,and fed for 24 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with BD group,DON exposure signifi-cantly decreased the ileal villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio(P＜0.05),significantly increased the crypt depth(P＜0.05),significantly decreased the goblet cell number(P＜0.05),and significantly reduced the mucin 2(MUC2)mRNA relative expression level and relative fluorescence intensity,as well as downregu-lating both the mRNA and protein relative expression levels of tight junction proteins[zonula occludens 2(ZO2),occludin(OCLN)and claudin 1(CLDN1)](P＜0.05).DON significantly elevated the 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)and malonaldehyde(MDA)contents,while significantly reduced the ac-tivities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)as well as glutathione(GSH)content,and significantly decreased the mRNA relative expression levels of antioxidant-related genes such as nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase 1(HO1),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1)and superoxide dismutase 2(SOD2)(P＜0.05).Moreover,DON significantly increased the contents of pro-inflammatory cytokines[interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-8(IL-8)]and cell apoptosis rate(P＜0.05),significantly suppressed B-cell lymphoma 2(BCL2)expression and upregulated B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein(BAX),cytochrome C(CYCS),Caspase 9(CASP9),Caspase 3(CASP3)and apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1(AIFM1)expression(P＜0.05),and sig-nificantly increased the protein relative expression levels of BAX,cleaved CASP3 and AIFM1(P＜0.05).In addition,DON disrupted mitochondrial structure,significantly reduced the activities of mitochondrial respirato-ry chain complexes Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅳ,as well as ATP content and mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)relative copy number(P＜0.05),and induced the mitochondrial quality control imbalance[significant downregulation of ex-pression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α(PGC1α),nuclear respiratory factor 1(NRF1),transcription factor A,mitochondrial(TFAM),and mitofusin 2(MFN2)(P＜0.05),and signifi-cant upregulation of expression of dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1),fission,mitochondrial 1(FIS1),PTEN induced kinase 1(PINK1),Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase(PRKN)and microtubule associat-ed protein 1 light chain 3β(LC3B)(P＜0.05)].2)Compared with DON group,TAU treatment significantly alleviated the injury of morphological structure of ileal tissues and the down-regulation of barrier function-relat-ed indices(P＜0.05),significantly reduced the MDA content(P＜0.05),significantly increased the T-SOD activity(P＜0.05),and significantly upregulated antioxidant-related gene expression(P＜0.05).TAU also sig-nificantly reduced the contents of IL-1β and IL-8 as well as cell apoptosis rate(P＜0.05),significantly re-versed the abnormal expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins(P＜0.05),restored mitochondrial structure,significantly enhanced the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexesⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣ,as well as ATP content and mtDNA relative copy number(P＜0.05),and significantly improved the mitochon-drial quality control process(P＜0.05)and maintained its functional homeostasis.In conclusion,dietary sup-plementation of TAU can alleviate DON-induced ileal injury in weaned piglets,potentially by regulating mito-chondrial quality control to maintain mitochondrial functional homeostasis,reducing oxidative stress,inflamma-tion and apoptosis,as well as improving barrier function.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2026,38(3):2138-2153]