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基于不平衡样本特征的电缆发热故障自动化诊断技术OA

Automated Diagnosis Technology for Cable Heating Faults Based on Unbalanced Sample Features

中文摘要英文摘要

在电缆发热故障自动化诊断中,正常运行的电缆数据远多于故障数据,导致传统的故障诊断模型在训练时容易偏向多数类(正常类),而忽视少数类(故障类),降低了对故障识别的准确性.为此,文章提出基于不平衡样本特征的电缆发热故障自动化诊断方法.通过提取电缆发热故障特征向量,利用XGBoost决策树预测电缆发热故障诊断所需的不平衡样本特征集.采用Bagging-异质K近邻集成算法对训练后的特征集进行规划和分类,并建立特征集分类器,根据分类正确率权值矩阵实现电缆发热故障自动化诊断.实验结果表明,所提方法的损失函数(Loss)在训练过程中迅速收敛且保持平稳,能够准确捕捉并判断电缆的发热故障状态.通过计算得到的F1值整体保持在0.95以上,进一步验证了该方法在电缆故障诊断领域的有效性和高精度.

In the automatic diagnosis of cable heating fault,the normal operation of cable data is much more than the fault data,resulting in the traditional fault diagnosis model is prone to bias the majority of classes(normal classes)while ignoring the minority of classes(fault classes)during training,which reduces the accuracy of fault identification.Therefore,an automatic fault diagnosis technique for cable heating based on unbalanced sample characteristics is proposed.By extracting the characteristic vector of cable heating fault,XGBoost decision tree is used to predict the unbalanced sample collection required for cable heating fault diagnosis.The BAgging-heterogeneous K-nearest neighbor integration algorithm is used to plan and classify the trained feature set,and a feature set classifier is established,and the automatic diagnosis of cable heating fault is realized according to the classification accuracy weight matrix.The experimental results show that the loss function of the proposed method rapidly converges and remains stable during the training process,which can accurately capture and judge the heating fault state of the cable.The F1 value obtained by the calculation is above 0.95,which further verifies the effectiveness and high precision of the method in the field of cable fault diagnosis.

杨锟

国能包神铁路集团有限责任公司,内蒙古自治区 包头市 014000

信息技术与安全科学

电缆发热故障自动化诊断不平衡样本特征XGBoost决策树卷积神经网络特征集分类器Loss函数

cable heating faultautomatic diagnosisunbalanced sample featuresXGBoost decision treeconvolutional neural networkfeature set classifierloss function

《电力信息与通信技术》 2026 (3)

60-66,7

国能包神铁路集团有限责任公司科研项目"基于物联网和数字孪生技术的10KV电缆路径位置、故障定位及状态实时监测系统研究"(BSKY-22-02).

10.16543/j.2095-641x.electric.power.ict.2026.03.08

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