腹膜、腹膜腔、腹腔的解剖OA

Modern anatomy defines the peritoneum as a thin,smooth serous membrane that lines the walls of the ab-dominal and pelvic cavities and covers the surfaces of the organs within these cavities.Transitions between the parietal and visceral peritoneum,as well as between the visceral peritoneal surfaces of adjacent organs,form peritoneal reflec-tions.These reflections further give rise to various anatomical structures,including mesenteries,omenta,ligaments,folds,and recesses.From the perspectives of embryology and histology,the peritoneum and its accessory structures exhibit in-herent continuity and integrity.Anatomically,omenta,mesenteries,ligaments,and other similar structures are essentially double-layered peritoneal folds—plicae formed by the folding and reflection of the peritoneum in different regions,which vary in shape,size,and length.The three anatomical theories for partitioning the abdominal cavity—the traditional ana-tomical theory,Meyers's retroperitoneal space theory,and Coffey's mesenteric theory—collectively form a surgical theo-retical system centered on fascial continuity and embryonic fusion planes.