基于SWAT模型的海浪河流域生态流量分析OA

In recent years,river ecosystems have been facing challenges related to water scarcity and uneven flow regulation.Ecological flow is a crucial indicator for maintaining the ecological function of rivers.Therefore,ecological flow analysis is of great significance in maintaining the balance and stability of river ecosystems,protecting biodiversity,and providing various ecosystem services.This study conducted an ecological flow analysis for the Hailang River Basin based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)model.We developed natural runoff and actual runoff models,analyzed the impact of land use changes on runoff,and calculated ecological flow thresholds using the Tennant method.The study also analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of water volume in the basin,compared runoff differences under different hydrological years,and quantified the spatial pattern of ecological flow surplus.The results show that there are differences between natural runoff and actual runoff in terms of annual distribution and total volume.Specifically,during the flood season(May to September),actual runoff is significantly lower than natural runoff,while changes in the non-flood season(October to April)are smaller.Actual runoff is influenced by human activities,causing the water resources in sub-basins 2,12,19,and 24 to be slightly lower than natural runoff.The land use change analysis revealed that simulated runoff for the Hailang River Basin in 2005 decreased by 4.25%compared to 2000,decreased by 1.56%in 2010 compared to 2005,and increased by 0.99%in 2015 compared to 2010.The ecological flow demand in the Hailang River Basin meets the"optimal"standard level according to the Tennant method.Ecological flow surplus analysis shows that water volume in the basin is unevenly distributed spatially.The study suggests that water resource scheduling strategies need to be optimized to address seasonal supply-demand imbalances,thereby providing a model integration analysis paradigm for ecological flow management in cold-region rivers.