人工智能赋能医学隐性知识习得的应用与展望OA

The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)is catalyzing a profound transformation in medical education,particularly in the cultivation of"tacit knowledge"—a core component of medical expertise.The acquisition of traditional medical tacit knowledge,such as clinical intuition,surgical dexterity,and empathetic communication,is fundamentally a process of active construction and inter-nalization through practice,rather than simple transmission.This process has long relied on appren-ticeship models,which are often hampered by inefficiency,a lack of standardization,and difficulties in assessment.The integration of AI presents unprecedented opportunities to address these challenges,albeit while introducing a new set of complexities.This review systematically explores the intrinsic mechanisms and practical pathways through which AI can serve as an"intelligent scaffold"to em-power the acquisition of tacit medical knowledge.Studies have found that by leveraging its unique ca-pabilities in high-fidelity situational simulation,real-time quantitative feedback,and externalizing ex-pert decision-making patterns,AI can create rich practice environments that help learners transform abstract experience into trainable,assessable skills and facilitate knowledge internalization.It demon-strates significant potential in key dimensions including clinical reasoning,surgical performance,patient-physician communication,and ethical decision-making,thereby propelling medical education toward a more scientific,personalized,and immersive paradigm.However,the application of AI is not without limitations,such as the risk of over-reliance,algorithmic bias,data security concerns,technological immaturity,and inertia in adapting educational models.To address these issues,this re-view proposes corresponding strategies and recommendations.Educators must evolve from knowledge transmitters to designers and facilitators of learning.Institutions should incorporate AI literacy into core curricula and establish robust ethical frameworks and practical guidelines.Concurrently,technol-ogy developers must enhance the explainability,fairness,and usability of AI systems.Ultimately,fos-tering a responsible and sustainable human-AI collaborative educational ecosystem is paramount to maximizing AI's role in cultivating exemplary medical professionals and enhancing the overall quality of future medical education.