作物气象质量的内涵、形成原理、评价与应用OA

Crop yields and quality are the result of a combination effect of multiple factors such as variety,meteorology,soil and technical measures.In particular varieties,soil and technical conditions,the yield and quality of crops are mainly determined by the degree to which meteorological conditions are met.Establishing a physical link between meteorological conditions and yield and quality is important for guiding crop production.Based on the definition of crop meteorological quality,this paper explored the formation principle of crop meteorological quality,proposes evaluation methods to evaluate crop meteorological quality,and conduct case studies.The results showed that the meteorological quality of crops referred to the extent to which meteorological conditions(a combination of one or more meteorological elements)meet the production requirements of crops,and it was a comprehensive reflection of the yield level or quality characteristics of crops.Meteorological quality requirements for different crops and different yields and qualities were varied.The yields and qualities of crops formed under different meteorological qualities were also different.People could regulate the meteorological quality of crops within a certain range through technical measures.Crop meteorological quality had multi-dimensional characteristics such as temporal dynamics,spatial heterogeneity,relative stability and volatility and human controllability.The meteorological quality could be evaluated by constructing a crop meteorological quality index to comprehensively assess the degree to which meteorological conditions meet crop production.Taking the spring tea of Tieguanyin in Anxi,Fujian province as an example,the meteorological quality index for spring tea was constructed.Tea meteorological quality evaluation was carried out in typical years of 2011,2012,2019 and 2020,the average meteorological quality index of the 12 sampling points were 1.59,1.68,2.60 and 2.68 respectively.They respectively belong to the grades of well,well,excellent and excellent.The results were consistent with the previous annual survey on the meteorological quality of tea.This research is instructive for deepening the understanding of meteorological conditions and promoting agricultural production increase,quality improvement and efficiency enhancement.