2024年某院4 770例百日咳患儿流行病学特征及病原体耐药率分析OA

AIM To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen resistance rates of 4 770 pediatric patients with pertussis admitted to a hospital in 2024,providing a reference for clinical treatment of pertussis in children.METHODS A total of 4 770 pediatric patients with pertussis admitted to a hospital from January to December 2024 were collected.Epidemiological information(onset time,gender,age,and residential area),clinical diagnosis,clinical manifestations,pulmonary symptoms,treatment methods,laboratory examination results(Bordetella pertussis infection and infection with other pathogens),and drug resistance were collected.RESULTS The second quarter of 2024 marked the peak period for pediatric patients with pertussis admitted to a certain hospital.The incidence of children in different age groups exhibited statistically significant differences(P＜0.05),with the highest incidence observed in pediatric patients aged 7 to 16 years(60.48％).There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of pediatric patients with different residential area(P＜0.05).Among the 4 770 pediatric patients,the proportion of pediatric patients with clinical diagnosis of bronchitis was the highest(42.31％),the proportion of pediatric patients with clinical manifestations of spastic cough was the highest(64.76％),and the proportion of pediatric patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection was the highest(14.15％).The antimicrobial agents with higher overall resistance rate were azithromycin,erythromycin and clarithromycin.Resistance to macrolides was independently associated with 3 factors:suburban residence,age between 7 and 16 years,and co-infection with respiratory syncytial virus infection.CONCLUSION In 2024,among pediatric patients with pertussis admitted to a certain hospital,the clinical presentation is predominantly spasmodic cough,with a higher proportion of cases occurring in pediatric patients aged 7 to 16 years.The disease is more prevalent during spring and summer.Bordetella pertussis exhibits characteristics of a widely circulating epidemic strain.The pathogens exhibit low resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim,amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium G,ampicillin,and penicillin,making them viable primary treatment options in clinical practice.