水稻铁锰中毒及调控策略研究进展OA

Rice serves as the staple food for over 50%of the global population.In regions such as Africa,South Asia,and Southeast Asia,rice production is severely affected by iron(Fe)and manganese(Mn)toxicity,resulting in yield losses ranging from a minimum of 15%to,in severe cases,complete crop failure.Fe and Mn toxicity often occurs in soil environments with high organic matter content or prolonged flooding,where Fe and Mn are reduced to their more reactive forms,Fe3+and Mn4+,leading to metabolic disorders in plants.Currently,production management measures to mitigate Fe and Mn toxicity primarily include the screening of Fe/Mn-tolerant rice varieties,the combined application of phosphorus,potassium,zinc,and nitrogen fertilizers,as well as the integrated use of calcium oxide and water management strategies.However,the regulatory effects of physiologically alkaline fertilizers are unsatisfactory in high-organic-matter,neutral soils,and paddy fields under prolonged flooding.Given the commonalities between human and plant Fe/Mn toxicity,future research should enhance interdisciplinary integration and establish a systematic and comprehensive research framework to provide a more solid theoretical foundation and more effective practical strategies for the prevention and control of Fe and Mn toxicity in rice.