55份玉米种质资源表型多样性分析与优异种质筛选OA
Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits and Selection of Superior Germplasm in 55 Maize Germplasm Resources
为探究玉米表型性状的多样性并筛选优异种质资源,选取来自全国多个地区的 55 份地方种质资源,对其 16 个表型性状进行分析.试验采用遗传多样性指数、聚类分析和主成分分析等方法,结合综合得分F值进行优异种质筛选.结果表明,多数玉米种质在穗型、轴色、粒型和粒色上分别表现为锥型、白色、马齿型和黄色.多样性分析结果显示,在所有测定性状中,株高表现出最高的遗传多样性指数(H'),而穗粗的遗传多样性指数则为最低;粗脂肪、粗蛋白质和总淀粉含量的多样性指数相近.多个表型性状之间存在显著或极显著相关性差异,其中穗粗与千粒质量呈极显著正相关,株高和生育天数与千粒质量呈显著正相关.聚类分析结果显示,供试的55 份种质资源可划分为4 个类群.通过综合得分筛选出 10 份表型性状优异的种质资源.本研究结果为玉米种质资源创新利用和遗传育种提供参考.
To investigate the diversity of maize phenotypic traits and screen for superior germplasm resources,this study selected 55 local germplasm resources from multiple regions across China and analyzed 16 phenotypic traits.Genetic diversity indices,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis(PCA)were employed,complemented by a comprehensive evaluation score(F-value),to screen elite germplasm.The results showed that most maize germplasms exhibited a tapered ear shape,white cob color,dent kernel type,and yellow kernel color.Diversity analysis revealed that plant height exhibited the highest genetic diversity index(H′)among all measured traits,while ear diameter displayed the lowest.The diversity indices for crude fat,crude protein,and total starch content were similar.Significant or highly significant correlations were observed among multiple phenotypic traits.Specifically,ear diameter showed a highly significant positive correlation with thousand-grain weight,while plant height and growth period were significantly positively correlated with thousand-grain weight.The results of cluster analysis showed that the 55 germplasm resources could be divided into four groups.Ten germplasm accessions with desirable phenotypic traits were selected according to the comprehensive score.The results provide a reference for the innovative utilization and genetic breeding of maize germplasm resources.
赵鋆;张盼;李鑫;张莹莹;卢道文;董文恒
河南省安阳市农业科学院,河南 安阳 455099||河南省多抗广适玉米种质改良与育种工程研究中心,河南 安阳 455099河南省安阳市农业科学院,河南 安阳 455099||河南省多抗广适玉米种质改良与育种工程研究中心,河南 安阳 455099河南省安阳市农业科学院,河南 安阳 455099||河南省多抗广适玉米种质改良与育种工程研究中心,河南 安阳 455099河南省安阳市农业科学院,河南 安阳 455099||河南省多抗广适玉米种质改良与育种工程研究中心,河南 安阳 455099河南省安阳市农业科学院,河南 安阳 455099||河南省多抗广适玉米种质改良与育种工程研究中心,河南 安阳 455099河南省安阳市农业科学院,河南 安阳 455099||河南省多抗广适玉米种质改良与育种工程研究中心,河南 安阳 455099
资源环境
玉米种质资源表型性状多样性分析
maizegermplasm resourcesphenotypic traitdiversity analysis
《天津农业科学》 2026 (2)
6-12,7
安阳市重点研发与推广专项(2023C01NY032)
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