铁死亡与眼表疾病的关系研究进展OA

Ferroptosis,a unique form of regulated cell death marked by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation,has attracted considerable attention in recent ophthalmic research due to its cruciall role in the pathogenesis of various ocular disorders.This process entails the build-up of lipid peroxides,which results in oxidative damage to cellular membranes and subsequent cell death.In the field of ophthalmology,ferroptosis has been implicated in the pathological mechanisms of several degenerative diseases,offering fresh insights into potential therapeutic interventions.Specifically,in retinal degenerative diseases,ferroptosis disrupts the balance between retinal cell survival and death,thereby accelearating disease progression.This mechanistic understanding has identified ferroptosis as a potential therapeutic target for alleviating retinal degeneration.Moreover,emerging evidence highlights the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of ocular surface diseases.Advances in clarifying the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis,along with the development of targeted therapeutic strategies,have gradually revealed its significance and therapeutic potential in ocular surface pathologies.This review focuses on elaborating the roles of four common ferroptosis signaling pathways in the ferroptosis process:The System Xc-/GSH/GPX4 pathway inhibits ferroptosis by regulating glutathione synthesis and antioxidant activity;the FSP1/CoQ10/NAD(P)H pathway neutralizes lipid peroxidation free radicals independently of GPX4;the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway exerts a protective effect by regulating redox homeostasis and the expression of genes related to iron metabolism;the GCH1/BH4 pathway participates in ferroptosis regulation by modulating tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis.Additionally,the review offers a comprehensive overview of its intrinsic molecular mechanisms and crosstalk with inflammatory processes.It also summarizes recent progress in understanding ferroptosis in ocular surface diseases.Collectively,these insights pave the way for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for corneal injury and other ocular surface disorders.