抗菌肽的优化及在兽医领域的研究进展OA

Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are natural host defense molecules widely distributed in animals,plants,and microorganisms.They exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial,antiviral,antifungal,and immunomodulatory activities,showing great potential for diverse appli-cations.However,natural AMPs are often limited by poor structural stability,susceptibility to enzymatic degradation,high cytotoxicity,and elevated production costs,which hinder their further development and practical use.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the structural optimization of AMPs,including amino acid sequence modification,peptide cyclization,polymer conjugation,computer-aided drug design(CADD),bioengineering expression systems,and nanocarrier-based delivery strategies.Moreover,progress in the veterinary application of AMPs is highlighted,particularly in their roles as feed additives,therapeutic agents for clinical diseases,vaccine adjuvants,and treatments in companion animal medicine.This work is intended to provide valuable reference and theoretical support for future research on and application of AMPs in veterinary medicine.