桑叶育蚕/饲料育蚕生丝HPLC指纹图谱的构建与应用OA

Rearing silkworms with artificial feed represents a crucial development direction for the future of the sericulture and silk industry.However,currently,the cocoon silk produced by silkworms reared on artificial feed throughout all instars falls short of that produced by silkworms reared on mulberry leaves in terms of luster,fiber strength,and overall quality,making it difficult to serve as the preferred raw material for high-end silk products.At present,some merchants on the market engage in the improper practice of passing off cocoon silk from silkworms reared on artificial feed throughout all instars as that from silkworms reared on mulberry leaves.Such practices not only disrupt the order of the raw silk market but also compromise product quality reliability.Therefore,establishing accurate and reliable methods for distinguishing between cocoon silk produced by silkworms reared on mulberry leaves and those reared on artificial feed throughout all instars has become a critical task for the cocoon and silk industry to ensure product quality and maintain market norms. In this study,high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)technology was employed to analyze the water-soluble trace components of raw silk from silkworms reared on mulberry leaves and those reared on artificial feed throughout all instars under different cocooning stages,origins,and silk-reeling processes.Furthermore,similarity evaluation and cluster analysis methods were applied to comprehensively analyze the obtained HPLC fingerprints comparing the differences in trace components between the two types of silk samples.Additionally,HPLC fingerprint and cluster analysis models were established separately for silk from silkworms reared on mulberry leaves and those reared on artificial feed.Finally,the accuracy of these methods in distinguishing between the two types of silk was verified through testing commercial raw silk samples.The study yielded several conclusions.The types of trace components in silk produced by silkworms reared on artificial feed throughout all instars are not significantly difference from those in silk produced by silkworms reared on ordinary mulberry leaves.However,the relative contents of these trace components are notably lower in the full-instar artificially-fed silk,as evidenced by significantly lower peak heights in its HPLC chromatograms.The HPLC chromatograms of silk samples produced by silkworms reared on artificial feed throughout all instars are highly similar among themselves,whereas the chromatographic profiles of silk samples produced by silkworms reared on ordinary mulberry leaves show marked differences.For raw silk produced by mulberry-leaf-reared silkworms from different origins but within the same cocooning period,the similarity indices all exceed 0.86.In contrast,the similarity indices among full-instar artificially-fed raw silk samples surpass 0.96,indicating good consistency in the trace components contained within this type of raw silk.The cocooning period is the primary factor influencing the chromatographic profiles of silk produced by mulberry-leaf-reared silkworms,followed by the origin.Cluster analysis can differentiate between silk produced by silkworms reared on artificial feed throughout all instars and that produced by mulberry-leaf-reared silkworms,and can further determine the cocooning period information of the mulberry-leaf-reared silk.By extracting the common HPLC chromatographic peaks from both mulberry-leaf-reared silk and full-instar artificially-fed silk,HPLC fingerprints were constructed for these two types of silk.These fingerprints were then utilized as reference patterns for systematic cluster analysis of blind samples.Results demonstrate that it is feasible to distinguish between raw silk products from mulberry-leaf-reared silkworms and those from silkworms reared on artificial feed throughout all instars. Overall,the HPLC fingerprint and cluster analysis methods established in this study are accurate and reliable for distinguishing between silk produced by mulberry-leaf-reared silkworms and that produced by artificially-fed silkworms.