LC谐振式无源柔性传感器在可穿戴监测中的研究进展OA

Rising demand for health-monitoring wearables has made convenience and reliability the main bottlenecks for conventional flexible sensors.In contrast,passive flexible sensors based on the LC(inductor-capacitor)resonance principle,with their significant advantages such as passive transmission and flexible comfort show broad application prospects in wearable human health monitoring.These sensors are typically applied in pressure monitoring at the contact areas between wound bandages,braces or prostheses and the skin,or embedded in wearable devices such as respiratory devices and smart clothing for collecting health data.The core of LC resonant sensors is an LC tank composed of an inductor and a capacitor,and its working principle is to achieve passive signal transmission using the mutual inductance principle of the inductor.This design has the following characteristics:the sensing tag is simple,miniaturizable and skin-conformable,and can be embedded inside the device;while the reader unit,which contains active electronics,can be independently placed outside the wearable device,ensuring both monitoring function and wearing comfort. Starting from the sensing principle of the sensing unit,this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of dual-helix and dual-resonator structures composed of planar spiral inductors and interdigital capacitors,as well as their impact on sensor performance and applicable scenarios.Regarding material selection,in addition to commonly used high-molecular flexible base materials such as PDMS and Ecoflex silicone,special structural materials such as ion membranes can also be used to achieve specific sensing effects.The selection of sensing materials mainly includes carbon-based materials,high-molecular materials and composite materials,and the combination packaging process of the sensing material and the flexible base can also affect the sensor performance.Then,the actual applications of this type of sensor in human health monitoring fields such as eyes,skin,breathing and motion,as well as the unique challenges faced in each application scenario,are compared and analyzed. Significant breakthroughs have been made in recent research,yet this type of sensor still faces several key technical bottlenecks.For instance,the signal transmission distance is limited,and the signal is prone to instability and waveform distortion;and the fabrication of such sensors still relies on rigid electronic components.In the future,the signal transmission performance and stability can be improved through structural optimization concurrently,high-performance flexible passive electronic components—particularly fully flexible inductors and capacitors—should be developed,with the aim of gradually replacing rigid components and achieving full flexibility and integration;additionally,multifunctional integrated sensors capable of simultaneously monitoring pressure strain,and temperature should be designed to enable signal differentiation through multidimensional variations in LC resonance frequency.By advancing research in these key areas,it is anticipated that existing technical bottlenecks can be overcome,so as to propel LC resonant passive flexible sensors toward a more mature,reliable and intelligent era in wearable health monitoring.