外周血miRNA实验研究分析前因素质量控制的挑战与应对策略OA

MicroRNA(miRNA)are a class of highly conserved small RNA molecules approximately 20 nucleotides in length that precisely regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.They are extensively involved in critical physiological and pathological processes including cell proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,immune regulation,and tumorigenesis.In recent years,circulating miRNAs in peripheral blood have emerged as important biomarkers in oncology,cardiovascular diseases,and neurodegenerative disorders due to their non-invasive accessibility,disease specificity,and ability to dynamically reflect patho-logical status.However,study outcomes are significantly influenced by various pre-analytical factors.For instance,blood sample processing procedures affect miRNA yields,hemolysis introduces quantitative biases in miRNA measurements,and different ex-traction/detection methodologies lead to variations in miRNA analysis results.Therefore,establishing standardized pre-analytical protocols is crucial for enhancing the reproducibility of miRNA research and the reliability of its clinical applications.This study systematically summarizes pre-analytical challenges in peripheral blood miRNA research,focusing on the impact of sample col-lection,processing,storage,and detection methodologies on miRNA studies.The findings aim to provide a theoretical foundation for developing standardized miRNA analysis protocols,thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of miRNA research.