复方中草药对西杂母牛生长性能、血清学指标、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响OA

This study aimed to investing ate the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine on growth per-formance,serology indicator,immunity function and gut microbiota in Simmental crossbred cattle.A single-factor randomized trial design was used.Twenty healthy 12-month-old Simmental cross-bred cattle were selected and randomly divided into A and B groups.Each group had 10 replicates.Group A was supplemented with 100 g/(head·d)of compound Chinese herbal medicine in the basal diet,while group B was fed the basal diet alone.The pre-trial period was 5 d,and the was 90 d.Growth performance,serological indicator,and gut microbiota abundance were measured on day 30,60,and 90 of the formal trial period.The results showed that:① the average daily gain of group A was increased by 0.04 kg(P<0.05),0.15 kg(P<0.01),and 0.15 kg(P<0.01)compared with group B on day 30,60,and 90,respectively.② Compared with group B,the contents of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and cre-atinine(CREA)in group A were significantly lower(P<0.01),and the albumin(ALB)content was signifi-cantly higher(P<0.01)on day 30.The contents of direct bilirubin(DBIL)and total bile acid(TBA)in group A were significantly lower than group B(P<0.05).The γ-glutamyl transferase(γ-GT)activity was signifi-cantly lower in group A than in group B on day 30 and 60(P<0.05).③ The serum contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-10(IL-10)in group A were lower than those in group B(P>0.05).④ With the increase in trial duration,the number of gut microbiota OTUs in group A gradually increased,which was different from group B.At the phylum level,the dominant phyla in both groups were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.At the family level,on day 30,the relative abundances of Pre-votellaceae(P=0.001)and Monoglobaceae(P=0.03)in group A were significantly(P<0.01)or extremely sig-nificantly lower(P<0.05)than those in group B,while the relative abundance of Christensenellaceae was extremely significantly higher(P=0.009).On day 60,the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P=0.042).In the alpha diversity analysis,the Simpson index of group A was extremely significantly higher than that of group B on day 30(P=0.008),while no significant dif-ferences were observed in other indices(P>0.05).To sum up,compound Chinese herbal medicine could sig-nificantly improve the growth performance of Simmental crossbred cattle.It also improved liver and kidney function,enhanced immunity function,promoted the proliferation of Christensenellaceae in the gut micro-biota,and inhibited the colonization of the conditional pathogen Prevotellaceae.Short-term feeding could improve the structure of the gut microbiota and promote long-term healthy growth.