功能成像驱动下的活体解剖学:从结构观察迈向功能理解OA

In recent years,functional imaging techniques have gradually attracted widespread attention in the field of anatomical research.Unlike traditional methods that primarily rely on cadaver dissection or static structural imaging,functional imaging enables real-time monitoring of the metabolic status,hemodynamics,and neural conduction in living organisms.This provides a new perspective and technological platform for a deeper understanding of the correlation between"structure and function".This article,following the theme of"transition from structural observation to functional understanding",systematically reviews the research progress and application examples of representative functional imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging,positron emission tomography/computed tomography,ultrasound,and optical imaging.It also summarizes their value in clinical preoperative planning,precision treatment,scientific research,and education,and discusses the current challenges such as in standardization,data fusion,and atlas construction.