复杂基质中新精神活性物质分析方法研究进展OA

New psychoactive substances(NPS)are chemical entities that have not yet been scheduled under international drug control conventions,possess abuse potential,and pose serious threats to public health.These substances often exploit structural modifications to circumvent legal controls,thereby presenting significant regulatory challenges and public-health-protection obstacles.Establishing efficient and reliable analytical detection methods for monitoring and controlling NPS is therefore an important objective.This article reviewed recent advances in sample-pretreatment techniques and analytical-detection methods for NPS in complex matrices.Sample-pretreatment methods such as solid-phase extraction,liquid-phase microextraction,and QuEChERS have been widely used to extract and purify NPS from complex samples,including biological fluids,wastewater,and hair.However,some issues,including cumbersome procedures and inconsistent recovery rates,remain.Analytical-detection techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry have become primary tools for identifying MPS structures and analyzing them quantitatively.Among these,high-resolution mass spectrometry plays a key role in identifying unknown NPS owing to its high sensitivity and accurate mass-measuring capability.Nevertheless,existing methods still face limitations,including long analytical cycles,high dependences on specialized equipment,and delayed responses to newly emerging structural analogs.Future developments are anticipated to focus on simpler,more-efficient,and automated pretreatment techniques,along with rapid,high-throughput,and on-site analytical approaches aimed at making NPS identification more efficient and reducing regulatory gaps for chemically modified analogs.