改性生物炭吸附水体中微塑料的研究:改性方法和去除机理OA

Microplastics are an emerging global environmental pollutant that are widely distributed in aquatic environments and have attracted increasing attention due to their potential ecological and health impacts.Biochar shows great promise in environmental pollution remediation due to its unique pore structure and surface properties.However,the adsorption of microplastics by raw biochar was often limited by low efficiency and low capacity,and various modification strategies have been developed to improve its effectiveness.This review systematically summarized recent advances in the removal of microplastics from aqueous environments using modified biochar.Chemical modification methods,including metal impregnation and acid or alkali treatment,as well as physical modification approaches such as steam activation,were discussed with respect to their effects on the pore structure,surface charge,and functional groups of biochar.The main adsorption mechanisms,such as physical interception,electrostatic attraction,hydrogen bonding,and surface complexation,were also discussed in detail.Furthermore,the influences of biochar properties,microplastic characteristics(e.g.,type,size),and environmental factors(e.g.,pH,dissolved organic matter)on the adsorption process were examined.Additionally,this review briefly addressed regeneration techniques for modified biochar and the challenges of practical application,including preparation cost,long-term environmental safety,and stability in complex aqueous environments.This review provided a reference for the design and application of modified biochar material for microplastic removal in aquatic environments.