2025年美国《国家安全战略》报告与美国对外战略转变OACHSSCD

The National Security Strategy released by the Trump administration in December 2025 marks a definitive departure from the liberal hegemony strategy that had dominated the post-Cold War era.Instead,it signals a shift toward a radical trajectory underpinned by Jacksonianism,with"America First"serving as the guiding principle.This"hegemonic reset"represents not merely a geopolitical adjustment,but a profound spillover of domestic ideology into the realm of foreign policy.Geostrategically,the administration has articulated a"Trump Corollary"to the Monroe Doctrine.By employing exclusionary asset control,aid conditionality,and border militarization,the strategy aims to recast the Western Hemisphere as an absolute U.S.sphere of influence while systematically excising China's strategic presence from Latin America.Regarding major power competition,the report establishes a dual logic combining economic rebalancing with military denial against China.It seeks to maintain a balance of power through tariff barriers,supply chain reshoring,and asymmetric defense capabilities-attempting to avoid large-scale kinetic conflict while securing the strategic space necessary to reshape the Western Hemisphere.Concerning the alliance system,the strategy implements a thorough reform based on instrumentalization and transactionalism.Notably,it introduces a narrative of"civilizational erasure",aiming to dismantle the European Union's supranational governance architecture by supporting right-wing populist forces.While this strategy attempts to mitigate American decline through external retrenchment and regional control,the inherent tension between its hegemonic objectives and its international credibility deficit is poised to exacerbate global geopolitical fragmentation and uncertainty.