地缘政治重构背景下德国军工产业的结构变化及其影响OACHSSCD

In the post-World War Ⅱ period,Germany adhered to a culture of military restraint,resulting in the slow development of its military industry.Since 2022,factors such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict and changes in transatlantic relations have prompted Germany to adjust its defense policy,ushering in a new period of opportunity for the military industrial sector.This paper focuses on changes in the structure of Germany's military industry in the context of geopolitical reconfiguration,examines government policies and firm behavior,and analyzes their performance effects.It finds that geopolitical shifts have stimulated demand in the arms market and driven significant expansion of Germany's military industry,while they have exposed capacity constraints,insufficient supply by firms and structural problems of the supply chain.In response,the German government has provided substantial fiscal support and improved institutional conditions,and defense companies have increased investment in digitalization and intelligent technologies,continuously expanded firm size and production capacity,adjusted organizational structures,and refocused on core defense activities.These measures have enhanced the competitiveness of Germany's major defense companies,and Germany's arms exports have risen rapidly in the last years,all of which have contributed to strengthening Germany's influence in European and international affairs.Nevertheless,constrained by the slow pace of Germany's economic and industrial transformation,the overall efficiency of defense firms still requires improvement.